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Fully Integrated Microfluidic Device for Magnetic Bead Manipulation to Assist Rapid Reaction and Cleaning
Zhen Yang, Miaoning Ren, Ya Li, Mingxing Zhou, Jingyi Peng, Si Lin, Kang Du, and Xian Huang*
Cite this: Anal. Chem. 2023, 95, 40, 14934–14943
Publication Date:September 26, 2023
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02285


Abstract


Methods to manipulate magnetic beads are essential factors to determine the efficiency and dimension of an in vitro diagnostic system. Currently, using movable permanent magnets and planar electromagnets is still the major approach to achieve magnetic bead control, causing significant constraint in the miniaturization of in vitro diagnostic systems. Here, we propose techniques to construct a fully integrated microfluidic device that can conduct automatic magnetic bead manipulation as well as rapid chemical reaction and cleaning in a minimized dimension similar to a USB disk. The device combines the precision control of multiple electromagnetic coils with the compactness of microfluidic channels, leading to one of the smallest automatic magnetic bead manipulation systems that can complete several major magnetic bead-based operation steps such as sample injection, reaction, cleaning, and collection. The influencing factors such as coil driving parameters, surface treatment of the microchannels, and properties of magnetic particles have also been investigated to optimize the device performance. The device can drive mixtures of Fe3O4 microparticles and polymer magnetic beads (PMBs) with a weight ratio of 1:1 at a maximum speed of 0.5 cm·s–1 and reduce the time for DNA binding and dissociation reactions from 20 min to only 48 s. This device has significantly advanced the conventional manipulation methods of magnetic beads and has demonstrated the possibility to construct an automatic and ultraminiaturized in vitro diagnostic system that may facilitate portable or even wearable chemical analysis.

操縱磁珠的方法是決定體外診斷系統(tǒng)的效率和尺寸的重要因素。目前，使用可移動(dòng)永磁體和平面電磁鐵仍然是實(shí)現(xiàn)磁珠控制的主要方法，這對(duì)體外診斷系統(tǒng)的小型化造成了重大制約。在這里，我們提出了構(gòu)建一種完全集成的微流體設(shè)備的技術(shù)，該設(shè)備可以進(jìn)行自動(dòng)磁珠操作，并以類似于U盤的最小尺寸進(jìn)行快速化學(xué)反應(yīng)和清潔。該設(shè)備將多個(gè)電磁線圈的精確控制與微流體通道的緊湊性相結(jié)合，成為最小的自動(dòng)磁珠操作系統(tǒng)之一，可以完成幾個(gè)主要的基于磁珠的操作步驟，如樣品注入、反應(yīng)、清潔和收集。還研究了線圈驅(qū)動(dòng)參數(shù)、微通道的表面處理和磁性粒子的性質(zhì)等影響因素，以優(yōu)化器件性能。該設(shè)備可以以0.5 cm·s–1的最大速度驅(qū)動(dòng)重量比為1:1的Fe3O4微粒和聚合物磁珠（PMBs）的混合物，并將DNA結(jié)合和解離反應(yīng)的時(shí)間從20分鐘縮短到僅48秒。該設(shè)備顯著改進(jìn)了磁珠的傳統(tǒng)操作方法，并證明了構(gòu)建自動(dòng)超小型體外診斷系統(tǒng)的可能性，該系統(tǒng)可以促進(jìn)便攜式甚至可穿戴的化學(xué)分析。